{"id":674,"date":"2023-03-30T23:37:04","date_gmt":"2023-03-30T21:37:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/espace-saint-gervais.epg.ch\/?page_id=674"},"modified":"2023-04-10T18:59:10","modified_gmt":"2023-04-10T16:59:10","slug":"le-site-archeologique","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/staging.epg.ch\/espace-saint-gervais\/le-temple\/le-site-archeologique\/","title":{"rendered":"Le site arch\u00e9ologique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Le temple de Saint-Gervais conserve un des plus anciens monuments chr\u00e9tiens de Suisse, sa crypte, vestige d\u2019une grande \u00e9glise fun\u00e9raire \u00e9difi\u00e9e sur la rive droite du Rh\u00f4ne au Ve<\/sup> si\u00e8cle d\u00e9j\u00e0. L\u2019ancienne \u00e9glise paroissiale m\u00e9di\u00e9vale, enti\u00e8rement reconstruite au XVe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, est transform\u00e9e en temple protestant en 1535.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Les recherches men\u00e9es dans le temple de
Saint-Gervais et ses alentours apportent de nombreuses informations sur le d\u00e9veloppement
de la rive droite du Rh\u00f4ne, des temps pr\u00e9historiques \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque moderne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bloc sculpt\u00e9 repr\u00e9sentant des dauphins provenant
d\u2019un mausol\u00e9e antique, Ve<\/sup> si\u00e8cle<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

Les am\u00e9nagements les plus anciens reconnus datent d\u2019environ 4000 avant J.-C. et consistent en une s\u00e9rie de foyers associ\u00e9s \u00e0 des traces d\u2019habitat. Apr\u00e8s un abandon du site, un alignement de pierres dress\u00e9es, prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par une barri\u00e8re, est implant\u00e9 le long d\u2019une voie. Une tombe \u00e0 incin\u00e9ration dat\u00e9e vers 1000 avant J.-C. se trouve aussi \u00e0 cet endroit. La voie est d\u00e9plac\u00e9e entre 60 et 40 avant J.-C., lorsqu\u2019on couche deux m\u00e9galithes sur le trac\u00e9 de la cl\u00f4ture, afin de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 un nivellement qui doit permettre l\u2019\u00e9dification d\u2019un b\u00e2timent en bois vers 40 avant J.-C.<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>
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Durant l\u2019\u00e9poque august\u00e9enne, de 20 avant J.-C. \u00e0 20 apr\u00e8s J.-C., d\u2019autres constructions en bois et en terre se succ\u00e8dent au m\u00eame emplacement.
Certains de ces am\u00e9nagements sont vou\u00e9s au culte, d\u2019autres \u00e0 l\u2019habitat. C\u2019est encore pendant la premi\u00e8re moiti\u00e9 du Ier si\u00e8cle apr\u00e8s J.-C. que l\u2019on b\u00e2tit, en brique crue et en pierre, un sanctuaire gallo-romain constitu\u00e9 d\u2019un double lieu de culte inscrit dans un p\u00e9ribole. La deuxi\u00e8me moiti\u00e9 du Ier <\/sup>si\u00e8cle apr\u00e8s J.-C. voit l\u2019adjonction, du c\u00f4t\u00e9 occidental, d\u2019un troisi\u00e8me lieu de culte. L\u2019ensemble est encore modifi\u00e9 au IIIe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle et d\u00e9laiss\u00e9 au milieu du IVe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle \u00e0 la suite d\u2019un incendie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Une vaste \u00e9glise fun\u00e9raire de plan cruciforme est construite au Ve<\/sup> si\u00e8cle sur l\u2019emplacement du complexe cultuel antique. Un mausol\u00e9e dont les blocs architecturaux sont remploy\u00e9s dans la crypte am\u00e9nag\u00e9e sous le ch\u0153ur de cette premi\u00e8re \u00e9glise semble avoir pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 sa construction. D\u00e8s le VIe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, la pr\u00e9sence d\u2019une s\u00e9pulture importante d\u00e9pos\u00e9e dans la crypte provoque la multiplication des tombes inhum\u00e9es dans la nef et au sein de deux annexes plac\u00e9es de part et d\u2019autre du presbyterium. La r\u00e9alisation d\u2019une galerie ou d\u2019un portique adoss\u00e9 aux murs nord, ouest et sud de la nef permet bient\u00f4t de gagner de l\u2019espace pour accueillir de nouvelles inhumations. C\u2019est encore dans le courant du VIe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle que deux annexes fun\u00e9raires sont plac\u00e9es de part et d\u2019autre du ch\u0153ur, celle situ\u00e9e au nord \u00e9tant augment\u00e9e d\u2019une abside dans un second temps. Des aires d\u2019inhumations sont am\u00e9nag\u00e9es tout autour de cet ensemble monumental. Elles sont \u00e0 l\u2019origine du cimeti\u00e8re paroissial qui s\u2019organise au nord de l\u2019\u00e9glise qui conna\u00eet ses premiers remaniements au XIVe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle pour finalement \u00eatre enti\u00e8rement reconstruite au XVe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Documents \u00e0 t\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/h3>
\n
Fouilles du temple de Saint-Gervais<\/span><\/a><\/div>
253 Ko<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Le temple de Saint-Gervais – 6000 ans d’histoire<\/span><\/a><\/div>
1 Mo<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
The Church of St. Gervais 6000 years of history<\/span><\/a><\/div>
1\u00a0020 Ko<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

La crypte et le site arch\u00e9ologique <\/strong>
sont accessibles sur demande.
Pour organiser une visite, veuillez vous adresser au :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Service d\u2019arch\u00e9ologie du canton de Gen\u00e8ve
route de Suisse 10
CH-1253 Versoix
T\u00e9l. +41 22 327 94 40
E-Mail sca(a)etat.ge.ch<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Photos<\/strong>
\u00a9 Office du patrimoine et des sites <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Texte<\/strong>
Jean Terrier
<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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